grep 命令系列:从文件中搜索并显示文件名
我怎样从几个文件中搜索(grep),并只显示匹配到的文件的文件名?
当你从不止一个的文件中搜索时,默认它将显示文件名:
grep "word" 文件名
grep root /etc/*
示例输出:
/etc/bash.bashrc: See "man sudo_root" for details.
/etc/crontab:17 * * * * root cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
/etc/crontab:25 6 * * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
/etc/crontab:47 6 * * 7 root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
/etc/crontab:52 6 1 * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
/etc/group:root:x:0:
grep: /etc/gshadow: Permission denied
/etc/logrotate.conf: create 0664 root utmp
/etc/logrotate.conf: create 0660 root utmp
每行开始的第一个部分是文件名(如:/etc/crontab、/etc/group)。使用 -l 选项可以只显示文件名:
grep -l "string" filename
grep -l root /etc/*
示例输出:
/etc/aliases
/etc/arpwatch.conf
grep: /etc/at.deny: Permission denied
/etc/bash.bashrc
/etc/bash_completion
/etc/ca-certificates.conf
/etc/crontab
/etc/group
你也可以逆转输出;使用 -L 选项来输出那些不匹配的文件的文件名:
grep -L "word" filename
grep -L root /etc/*
示例输出:
/etc/apm
/etc/apparmor
/etc/apparmor.d
/etc/apport
/etc/apt
/etc/avahi
/etc/bash_completion.d
/etc/bindresvport.blacklist
/etc/blkid.conf
/etc/bluetooth
/etc/bogofilter.cf
/etc/bonobo-activation
/etc/brlapi.key
via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/grep-from-files-and-display-the-file-name/